Monday, 16 December 2013
Saturday, 7 December 2013
Monday, 18 November 2013
Nurse brutally killed in Sialkot
Nurse brutally killed in Sialkot: NursingInfo by NursingInfo
SIALKOT: A female student of the General Nursing School was brutally killed here on Monday, SAMAA reports.
The killers threw her dead body in a park at Khwaja Safdar Road and fled from the scene.
According to the Rescue 1122, there were torture marks on her neck and hands.
The body of the student nurse was shifted to Civil Hospital for legal formalities.
Meanwhile, students of the nursing school staged a protest and urged Chief Minister of Punjab to take notice of the incident and arrest the killers. SAMAA
Friday, 1 November 2013
Tuesday, 10 September 2013
Hypertension Nursing Care Plans NCP
The definition of hypertension, many raised by health experts. WHO suggests that hypertension occurs when blood pressure above 160/95 mmHg, meanwhile, Smelttzer & Bare (2002:896) suggests that hypertension is a persistent blood pressure or continuous thus exceeding the normal limit in which the systolic pressure above 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg.
There are differences about the limits of hypertension as proposed by Kaplan (1990:205), namely men, aged less than 45 years, said hypertension when blood pressure when lying above or equal to 130/90 mm Hg, whereas at the age of 45 years, said hypertension when blood pressure above 145/95 mmHg.Whereas in women with blood pressure above 160/95 mmHg.
Based on these definitions can be concluded that hypertension is an increase in blood pressure where systolic pressure over 140 mmHg or diastolic over 90 mmHg.
The classification of hypertension are also expressed by many experts, including WHO set a classification of hypertension into three levels namely:
Level I: increased blood pressure without symptoms of the disorder or damage to the cardiovascular system.
Level II: blood pressure with symptoms of cardiovascular hypertrophy, but without any symptoms of damage or disruption of the appliance or other organs.
Level III: blood pressure increased with obvious symptoms of damage and disruption of the target organ physiology.
The cause of hypertension varied are: stress, obesity, smoking, hypernatremia, water and salt retention that is not normal, sensitivity to angiotensin, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, adrenal gland disease, kidney disease, toxemia gravidarum, increased intra-cranial pressure, caused by brain tumors, influence of certain drugs eg oral contraceptives, high salt intake, lack of exercise, genetics, obesity, atherosclerosis, kidney abnormalities, but largely unknown cause.
Nursing Assessment Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension
There are differences about the limits of hypertension as proposed by Kaplan (1990:205), namely men, aged less than 45 years, said hypertension when blood pressure when lying above or equal to 130/90 mm Hg, whereas at the age of 45 years, said hypertension when blood pressure above 145/95 mmHg.Whereas in women with blood pressure above 160/95 mmHg.
Based on these definitions can be concluded that hypertension is an increase in blood pressure where systolic pressure over 140 mmHg or diastolic over 90 mmHg.
The classification of hypertension are also expressed by many experts, including WHO set a classification of hypertension into three levels namely:
Level I: increased blood pressure without symptoms of the disorder or damage to the cardiovascular system.
Level II: blood pressure with symptoms of cardiovascular hypertrophy, but without any symptoms of damage or disruption of the appliance or other organs.
Level III: blood pressure increased with obvious symptoms of damage and disruption of the target organ physiology.
The cause of hypertension varied are: stress, obesity, smoking, hypernatremia, water and salt retention that is not normal, sensitivity to angiotensin, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, adrenal gland disease, kidney disease, toxemia gravidarum, increased intra-cranial pressure, caused by brain tumors, influence of certain drugs eg oral contraceptives, high salt intake, lack of exercise, genetics, obesity, atherosclerosis, kidney abnormalities, but largely unknown cause.
Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension
Nursing Assessment Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension
Friday, 5 July 2013
Self-Esteem, situational low, Amputation NCPs
Nursing Diagnosis
- Self-Esteem, situational low
May be related to
- Loss of body part/change in functional abilities
Possibly evidenced by
- Anticipated changes in lifestyle; fear of rejection/reaction by others
- Negative feelings about body, focus on past strength, function, or appearance
- Feelings of helplessness, powerlessness
- Preoccupation with missing body part, not looking at or touching stump
- Perceived change in usual patterns of responsibility/physical capacity to resume role
Amputation Nursing Care Plans
In general, amputation of limbs is the result of trauma, peripheral vascular disease, tumors, and congenital disorders. For the purpose of this plan of care, amputation refers to the surgical/traumatic removal of a limb. Upper-extremity amputations are generally due to trauma from industrial accidents. Reattachment surgery may be possible for fingers, hands, and arms. Lower-extremity amputations are performed much more frequently than upper-extremity amputations. Five levels are currently used in lower-extremity amputation: foot and ankle, below knee (BKA), knee disarticulation and above (thigh), knee-hip disarticulation; and hemipelvectomy and translumbar amputation. There are two types of amputations: (1) open (provisional), which requires strict aseptic techniques and later revisions, and (2) closed, or “flap.”
Amputation Diagnostic Studies
Studies depend on underlying condition necessitating amputation and are used to determine the appropriate level for amputation.
- X-rays: Identify skeletal abnormalities.
- CT scan: Identifies soft-tissue and bone destruction, neoplastic lesions, osteomyelitis, hematoma formation.
- Angiography and blood flow studies: Evaluate circulation/tissue perfusion problems and help predict potential for tissue healing after amputation.
- Doppler ultrasound, laser Doppler flowmetry: Performed to assess and measure blood flow.
- Transcutaneous oxygen pressure: Maps out areas of greater and lesser perfusion in the involved extremity.
- Thermography: Measures temperature differences in an ischemic limb at two sites: at the skin and center of the bone. The lower the difference between the two readings, the greater the chance for healing.
- Plethysmography: Segmental systolic BP measurements evaluate arterial blood flow.
- ESR: Elevation indicates inflammatory response.
- Wound cultures: Identify presence of infection and causative organism.
- WBC count/differential: Elevation and “shift to left” suggest infectious process.
- Biopsy: Confirms diagnosis of benign/malignant mass.
Nursing Priorities - Amputation Nursing Care Plans
- Support psychological and physiological adjustment.
- Alleviate pain.
- Prevent complications.
- Promote mobility/functional abilities.
- Provide information about surgical procedure/prognosis and treatment needs.
Discharge Goals - Amputation Nursing Care Plans
- Dealing with current situation realistically.
- Pain relieved/controlled.
- Complications prevented/minimized.
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