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Sex after baby birth? What should you know

Sex after childbirth? In the weeks after a newborn’s arrival, it may seem as far-fetched as nightclubbing.

Sexual problems are common among new parents, but discussing them with doctors or close friends is not. And studies of sexuality in the postpartum period have been limited, focusing mostly on the impact of physical changes or the resumption of intercourse. They also have been remarkably one-sided, surveying birth mothers but rarely their partners

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Polio in Pakistan

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needle have different sizes

Funny Nursing Qotations

Nursing Quotations

infr red vein finder

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Nurse brutally killed in Sialkot

Nurse brutally killed in Sialkot: NursingInfo by NursingInfo

SIALKOT: A female student of the General Nursing School was brutally killed here on Monday, SAMAA reports.

The killers threw her dead body in a park at Khwaja Safdar Road and fled from the scene.

According to the Rescue 1122, there were torture marks on her neck and hands.

The body of the student nurse was shifted to Civil Hospital for legal formalities.

Meanwhile, students of the nursing school staged a protest and urged Chief Minister of Punjab to take notice of the incident and arrest the killers. SAMAA

Population Pyramid of Pakistan

 

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Hypertension Nursing Care Plans NCP

The definition of hypertension, many raised by health experts. WHO suggests that hypertension occurs when blood pressure above 160/95 mmHg, meanwhile, Smelttzer & Bare (2002:896) suggests that hypertension is a persistent blood pressure or continuous thus exceeding the normal limit in which the systolic pressure above 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg.

There are differences about the limits of hypertension as proposed by Kaplan (1990:205), namely men, aged less than 45 years, said hypertension when blood pressure when lying above or equal to 130/90 mm ​​Hg, whereas at the age of 45 years, said hypertension when blood pressure above 145/95 mmHg.Whereas in women with blood pressure above 160/95 mmHg.

Based on these definitions can be concluded that hypertension is an increase in blood pressure where systolic pressure over 140 mmHg or diastolic over 90 mmHg.

The classification of hypertension are also expressed by many experts, including WHO set a classification of hypertension into three levels namely:

Level I: increased blood pressure without symptoms of the disorder or damage to the cardiovascular system.
Level II: blood pressure with symptoms of cardiovascular hypertrophy, but without any symptoms of damage or disruption of the appliance or other organs.
Level III: blood pressure increased with obvious symptoms of damage and disruption of the target organ physiology.

The cause of hypertension varied are: stress, obesity, smoking, hypernatremia, water and salt retention that is not normal, sensitivity to angiotensin, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, adrenal gland disease, kidney disease, toxemia gravidarum, increased intra-cranial pressure, caused by brain tumors, influence of certain drugs eg oral contraceptives, high salt intake, lack of exercise, genetics, obesity, atherosclerosis, kidney abnormalities, but largely unknown cause.

Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension

Nursing Assessment Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension

Self-Esteem, situational low, Amputation NCPs

Nursing Diagnosis

• Self-Esteem, situational low

May be related to

• Loss of body part/change in functional abilities

Possibly evidenced by

• Anticipated changes in lifestyle; fear of rejection/reaction by others
• Negative feelings about body, focus on past strength, function, or appearance
• Feelings of helplessness, powerlessness
• Preoccupation with missing body part, not looking at or touching stump
• Perceived change in usual patterns of responsibility/physical capacity to resume role

Amputation Nursing Care Plans

In general, amputation of limbs is the result of trauma, peripheral vascular disease, tumors, and congenital disorders. For the purpose of this plan of care, amputation refers to the surgical/traumatic removal of a limb. Upper-extremity amputations are generally due to trauma from industrial accidents. Reattachment surgery may be possible for fingers, hands, and arms. Lower-extremity amputations are performed much more frequently than upper-extremity amputations. Five levels are currently used in lower-extremity amputation: foot and ankle, below knee (BKA), knee disarticulation and above (thigh), knee-hip disarticulation; and hemipelvectomy and translumbar amputation. There are two types of amputations: (1) open (provisional), which requires strict aseptic techniques and later revisions, and (2) closed, or “flap.”

Amputation Diagnostic Studies

Studies depend on underlying condition necessitating amputation and are used to determine the appropriate level for amputation.

• X-rays: Identify skeletal abnormalities.
• CT scan: Identifies soft-tissue and bone destruction, neoplastic lesions, osteomyelitis, hematoma formation.
• Angiography and blood flow studies: Evaluate circulation/tissue perfusion problems and help predict potential for tissue healing after amputation.
• Doppler ultrasound, laser Doppler flowmetry: Performed to assess and measure blood flow.
• Transcutaneous oxygen pressure: Maps out areas of greater and lesser perfusion in the involved extremity.
• Thermography: Measures temperature differences in an ischemic limb at two sites: at the skin and center of the bone. The lower the difference between the two readings, the greater the chance for healing.
• Plethysmography: Segmental systolic BP measurements evaluate arterial blood flow.
• ESR: Elevation indicates inflammatory response.
• Wound cultures: Identify presence of infection and causative organism.
• WBC count/differential: Elevation and “shift to left” suggest infectious process.
• Biopsy: Confirms diagnosis of benign/malignant mass.

Nursing Priorities - Amputation Nursing Care Plans

1. Support psychological and physiological adjustment.
2. Alleviate pain.
3. Prevent complications.
4. Promote mobility/functional abilities.
5. Provide information about surgical procedure/prognosis and treatment needs.

Discharge Goals - Amputation Nursing Care Plans

1. Dealing with current situation realistically.
2. Pain relieved/controlled.
3. Complications prevented/minimized.

Obs and Gynae Lecture notes Free Download

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5 Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)

Thyroidectomy, although rare, may be performed for patients with thyroid cancer, hyperthyroidism, and drug reactions to antithyroid agents; pregnant women who cannot be managed with drugs; patients who do not want radiation therapy; and patients with large goiters who do not respond to antithyroid drugs. The two types of thyroidectomy include:
Total thyroidectomy: The gland is removed completely. Usually done in the case of malignancy. Thyroid replacement therapy is necessary for life.
Subtotal thyroidectomy: Up to five-sixths of the gland is removed when antithyroid drugs do not correct hyperthyroidism or RAI therapy is contraindicated.

5 Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)

Acute Pain — Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)
Ineffective Airway Clearance — Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)
Impaired Verbal Communication — Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)
Risk for Injury — Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)
Knowledge Deficit — Thyroidectomy Nursing Care Plan (NCP)

Nursing Priorities
Reverse/manage hyperthyroid state preoperatively.

Prevent complications.
Relieve pain.
Provide information about surgical procedure, prognosis, and treatment needs.
Discharge Goals Complications prevented/minimized.
Pain alleviated.
Surgical procedure/prognosis and therapeutic regimen understood.
Plan in place to meet needs after discharge.

Depression Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions- Nursing Care Plan

Risk for Violence: Self-Directed or Other-Directed


Nursing Interventions for Depression

1. The general objective: There was no violence for Self-Directed or Other-Directed
2. Specific objectives
   • Clients can build a trusting relationship
     
     Action:
     
     
     • Introduce yourself to the patient
     • Do interactions with patients as often as possible with empathy
     • Listen to the notice of the patient with empathy and patient attitude more use non-verbal language. For example: a touch, a nod.
     • Note the patient talks and give a response in accordance with her wishes
     • Speak with a low tone of voice, clear, concise, simple and easy to understand
     • Accept the patient is without comparing with others.
   • Clients can use adaptive coping
     
     Action:
     
     
     • Give encouragement to express feelings and say that nurses understand what patients perceived.
     • Ask the patient the usual way to overcome feeling sad / painful
     • Discuss with patients the benefits of commonly used coping
     • Together with patients looking for alternatives, coping.
     • Give encouragement to the patient to choose the most appropriate coping and acceptable
     • Give encouragement to patients to try coping that have been selected
     • Instruct the patient to try other alternatives in solving problems.
   • Clients are protected from violent behavior to self and others.
     
     Action:
     
     
     • Monitor carefully the risk of suicide / violence themselves.
     • Keep and store the tools that can be used by patients for violent behavior, self / others, in a safe place and locked.
     • Keep materials that endanger the patient's appliance.
     • Supervise and place the patient in the room that easily monitored by peramat / officer.
   • Clients can improve self-esteem
   Action:
   • Help to understand that the client can overcome despair.
   • Assess and mobilize internal resources of individuals.
   • Help identify sources of hope (eg, peer relationships, beliefs, things to be resolved).
   • Clients can use the social support
     
     Action:
     
     
     • Review and make use of individual external sources (the people closest to, the health care team, support groups, religion).
     • Assess support system beliefs (values, past experiences, religious activities, religious beliefs).
     • Make referrals as indicated (eg, counseling, religious leaders).
   • Clients can use the drug correctly and precisely
     
     Action:
     
     
     • Discuss about the drug (name, dosage, frequency, effect and side effects of taking medication).
     • Help using the drug with the principle of 5 correct (right patient, medication, dose, manner, time).
     • Encourage talking about effects and side effects are felt.
     • Give positive reinforcement when using the drug properly.

CONSTIPATION NURSING CARE PLAN: DIAGNOSIS AND INTERVENTIONS

Nursing Diagnosis: Constipation related to irregular bowel habit

Purpose: patients can defecate regularly (every day)

Expected outcomes:

• Defecation can be done once a day
• The consistency of soft stool
• Elimination of feces without the need for excessive straining

Nursing Interventions for Constipation

Independent

• Determine the pattern of defecation for clients and train clients to do so.
• Set the time is right for clients such as defecation after meals.
• Provide coverage of nutritional fiber according to the indication.
• Give fluids if not contraindicated 2-3 liters per day.

Acute Pain / Chronic Pain - Rheumatoid Arthritis Nursing Care Plan

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammation of the joints. This disease is categorized as an autoimmune disease because people suffering from this condition have antibodies in their blood that target their own body tissues.

Rheumatoid arthritis can attack various organs and tissues in the human body. However, it mainly attacks synovial joints in the hands, wrists, ankles, and knees.

There are, typically, three distinctive types of discomfort which go along with chronic RA. The foremost of these types of discomfort is often called "flair up pain." It is caused by the inflammation of the joints which goes along with periods when your RA is flaring and active.

The next type of rheumatoid pain is often simply called joint pain. It is caused by damage to the joints, which is a consequence of the inflammation. This is the everyday discomfort which is present, even while your RA is not active.

Finally, the very last rheumatoid aspect of the pain equation might be called "emotional pain." It involves the emotions, your psychological well being, and your stress level. The tiredness which you will feel is a part too. This aspect of RA really makes "everything hurt worse."

Management / Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nursing Care Plan for Rheumatoid Arthritis

ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO THE PRESENCE OF SURGICAL WOUND

Acute pain related to the presence of surgical wound on abdomen secondary to periampullary carcinoma

Desired Outcome/goal : Patient will get relief from pain as evidenced by a reduction in the pain scale score and verbalization.

Nursing Actions

Primary Prevention

• Assess severity of pain by using a pain scale
• Check the surgical site for any signs of infection or complications
• Support the areas with extra pillow to allow the normal alignment and to prevent strain
• Handle the area gently. Avoid unnecessary handling as this will affect the healing process
• Clean the area around the incision and do surgical dressing at the site of incision to prevent any form of infections

Risk for Infection Care Plan COPD

Risk for Infection NANDA Definition: At increased risk for being invaded by pathogenic organisms

COPD or Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the most common lung diseases. It makes it difficult to breathe. There are two main forms of COPD:

• Chronic bronchitis, which involves a long-term cough with mucus
• Emphysema, which involves destruction of the lungs over time
• Most people with COPD have a combination of both conditions.

Disturbed Thought Processes - NCP Dementia

Nursing Diagnosis : Disturbed Thought Processes - Dementia Care Plan

Definition: Disruption in cognitive operations and activities.

Dementia is a term that describes a collection of symptoms that include decreased intellectual functioning that interferes with normal life functions and is usually used to describe people who have two or more major life functions impaired or lost such as memory, language, perception, judgment or reasoning; they may lose emotional and behavioral control, develop personality changes and have problem solving abilities reduced or lost.

There are many different causes of dementia, the most common being degenerative neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and some types of multiple sclerosis. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common, causing fifty percent of all dementia. Other common causes are vascular disorders - such as multiple-infarct dementia, which is caused by multiple strokes; infections - such as HIV dementia complex and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, chronic drug use, depression, and types of hydrocephalus - an accumulation of fluid in the brain caused by developmental abnormalities, infections, injury, or brain tumors.

Nursing Interventions :

1. Clients can build a trusting relationship

Expected outcomes:

• Clients show a sense of fun, friendly facial expression, like shaking hands, making eye contact, sitting side by side.

Interventions :

• Greet clients well, verbal and non-verbal.
• Introduce yourself politely.
• Explain the purpose of the meeting.
• Honest and keeping promises.
• Show empathy and accept clients with what it is.
• Pay attention to the client, and note the basic needs.

2. Clients are able to know / oriented towards people's time and place

Expected outcomes:

• Clients are able to mention which people around him,
• Clients are able to mention the day and place the visit.

Interventions :

• Give the patient the opportunity to get to know the personal belongings, such as a bed, dresser, clothes etc..
• Give the patient the opportunity to get to know the time using the clock, a calendar that has a sheet with a big day.
• Give the patient the opportunity to mention his name and family members.
• Give the opportunity for clients to know where he is.
• Give praise, if the patient can answer correctly.

3. Patient are able to do daily activities optimally.

Expected outcomes:

• Patient are able to meet their daily needs independently.

Interventions :

• Observation of the patient's ability to perform daily activities.
• Give the patient the opportunity to choose activities that can be done.
• Help the patient to perform activities that have been chosen.
• Give praise, if patients can do their activities.
• Ask the patient's feelings, if able to do activities.
• Together with the patient, create a schedule of daily activities.

4. Families of patients were able to orient the patient to time, person and place.
Expected outcomes:

• Families are able to give precise guidance about the time and place and the people around him and the family is able to provide a good attitude to clients.

Interventions :

• Patient's family, was able to orient the patient to time, person and place.
• Discuss with the patient's family, ways of orienting time, people and places to the patient.
• Encourage the family to provide a clock, a calendar with writing great.
• Discuss with the patient's family, who once owned the ability of the patient.
• Encourage the family to give praise to the abilities that are still owned by the patient.
• Encourage the family to monitor the daily activities of patients according to the schedule have been made.
• Encourage the family to praise, if the patient carried out in accordance with the schedule of activities that have been made.

5. The patient's family can provide the tools needed by the patient to do reality orientation.
Expected outcomes:

• Clients can / afford things or something that have or are experiencing.

Interventions :

• Providing the tools needed to conduct patient-oriented.
• Encourage families to help patients perform activities according to capabilities.

Varicose Veins - 5 Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions

Varicose Veins Care Plan

1. Acute Pain related to tissue ischemia secondary
Goal: Pain is lost or controlled

Intervention:
1) Assess the degree of pain. Note the behavior of protecting the extremities.
R / Degree of pain is directly related to the extent of the circulation shortfall, the inflammatory process.
2) Maintain bed rest during the acute phase.
R / Decrease discomfort in relation to muscle contraction and movement.
3) Elevate the affected extremity.
R / Pushing to facilitate venous return circulation, reduce static formation.
4) Encourage the patient to change positions frequently.
R / Reduce / prevent muscle weakness, helps minimize muscle spasm.
5) Collaboration of drugs as indicated.
R / Reduce pain and reduce muscle tension.

2. Impaired skin integrity related to vascular insufficiency.